Nozzle reference

Nozzle reference

Product ID, technical specifications, performance, application and installation requirements

The nozzle determines the final shape of the water exit and is one of the main points of connection between visual design and hydraulic calculations. Its selection affects the flow rate, pump head, pond dimensions, spraying range, lighting quality and maintenance method.

The common name of the nozzle is not enough to choose and order. Two products with the same title may have different outlet diameter, connection, material, water level dependence and performance. The nozzle reference must relate the specification of each product to a specific model, code and technical document.

This chapter introduces the main nozzle families and some of the models listed on the GSO website. The general information of the family is separated from the model specification. In cases where a confirmed performance table or map was not available in the reviewed sources, the numerical value was not substituted.

58–1. How to use this reference

Nozzle selection is done in three steps:

first stage; Choosing the water effect: determining the shape of the outlet, the desired height or extent, the viewing location and the relationship with the architecture.

the second stage; Model selection: Check outlet diameter, connection, material, installation conditions, adjustability and control needs.

the third stage; Determining the working point: extracting the required flow and pressure or head for the selected effect, then calculating the circuit and selecting the pump.

In this chapter, three types of information are distinguished from each other:

For example, the phrase "the height of this family is up to how many meters" does not take the place of the flow table and head of the selected model. Also, the declared maximum height is not a complete basis for pump selection without knowing the working conditions.

58–2. Necessary information in the birth certificate of each nozzle

Each model should have a separate specification sheet.

Connection diameter and outlet diameter are different. For example, a nozzle with a one-inch connection may have a 12 mm outlet orifice. These two numbers should be recorded in separate columns.

The size of the connection is also not complete without specifying the type of thread. Fittings of the same size with a different thread standard are not necessarily interchangeable.

Fig. 1-58 — Components of the nozzle ID card

Prepare a general technical drawing labeled "Inlet", "Outlet", "Body", "Regulatory connection", "Water level reference" and "Opening space for service".

*Subtitle: "Educational Schematic; The dimensions and details of each product must be obtained from the map of the same model.

58–3. Nozzle families in the GSO collection

In the category of GSO urban fountain products, families such as Comet, Cascade, Foam, Blendzen, Rotary, Water Screen, Dandelion, Fan, Finger, Krone, Umbrella, Laminar and control and dry floor nozzles have been introduced. Classification of GSO nozzles and equipment ^[370]

The table below is a guide for the initial diagnosis of the effect and is not considered a hydraulic selection table.

The same name in the products of two manufacturers does not mean that their specifications are the same.

58–4. Comet steel GSO nozzles

The Comet nozzle is used to produce a relatively clear stream of water. Introducing the Comet Steel GSO family, it features 304 stainless steel, an adjustable connection, and an internal piece to reduce flow turbulence. Comet Steel GSO Family ^[371]

The following models are listed in this family:

The numbers in the model name should not be interpreted as connection or outlet diameters without referring to the specifications. Inconsistency can be seen in some short descriptions of the list; Therefore, the drawing and technical sheet of the model should be the final basis.

Product card: Comet Steel 10-5T

On the same page, the height and range of angle adjustment are not expressed in the same way; These two characteristics must be determined before the final inclusion in the assignment book. Comet 10-5T product page ^[372]

Product card: Comet Steel 25-12T

The height range above is product introduction information; Achieving any height requires the corresponding flow, head and installation conditions. Comet 25-12T product page ^[373]

Application and advantage: making regular lines, arcs and symmetrical combinations with specific output.

Limitations: Flow turbulence, orifice contamination, improper setting, and wind can change the quality of the string and the landing site.

Complementary equipment: suitable adjustment connection, branch flow adjustment, smoothness according to the product and lighting coordinated with the water path.

Image Placement 2-58: Each model's photo, approved dimensional drawing, and its effect image are placed next to each other at a specified performance point.

58–5. GSO cascade nozzles

The cascade nozzle displays the flow of water and air in a bubbling volume. In the introduction of this family, the effect of the water level on the shape of the outlet is specified; Therefore, mounting height is part of the performance specification. Cascade family GSO ^[374]

Product card: Cascade 25-50t

The product page lists various ingredients in the family description; The type of delivered version must be clear in the order specification. Caskid 25-50t product page ^[375]

Application and advantage: creating white and visible volume for central or group compositions.

Limitation: Changing the water level can change the ratio of height and apparent volume of the output. The difference in the installation level of several nozzles may also disturb the uniformity of the group.

Complementary equipment: level control, regulatory connection, flow regulation and suitable arrangements to prevent unwanted flow between connected basins.

Tolerating the contamination of a nozzle is not a substitute for a treatment and water quality management program. Health and operational requirements must be determined for the entire system.

Instead of Figure 3-58: Draw the cross-section of the cascade installation with the water reference level; Insert the distance number only from the approved map of the same model.

58–6. GSO foam nozzles

The output of foam is airy and foamy water. In the introduction of the GSO foam family, single or group installation and independent operation of the water level are mentioned. GSO foam nozzle family ^[376]

Product card: 40-50T foam

Foam product page 40-50T ^[377]

Application and advantage: creating a white column and a volume that provides a suitable visible surface in lighting.

Limitation: The title "Foam" does not guarantee identical installation specifications. For example, Crystal Fountains introduces the NFO family as dependent on the water level. Specifications of one family should not be extended to another manufacturer's product of the same name. NFO foam nozzle from Crystal Fountains ^[378]

Complementary equipment: flow regulation, proper connection and provision of air entry conditions according to the product structure.

Claims of low spray or wind resistance should be interpreted in conjunction with operating conditions; None is meant to eliminate checking the wetting range.

58–7. Blowing nozzle or jet fan

A fan nozzle is used to create a sheet of water. The opening angle, the continuity of the sheet and the shape of the edges are the main characteristics of the effect.

On the GSO fan jet page, product code 2028 and order code FAN JET 70-6T are included.

On the page, another title can be seen in the specification section; Its relationship with the order code must be clarified before printing. GSO jet fan plate ^[379]

Application and advantage: formation of water surfaces for linear, diagonal and symmetrical combinations.

Limitation: The water sheet is sensitive to current imbalance and wind conditions. Opening angle, outlet thickness and effect dimensions must be specified for the selected version.

Complementary equipment: stabilization of direction, regulation of flow, appropriate distribution of input and illumination according to the surface of the sheet.

Image 4-58: The front and side view of the jet fan effect should be registered with the same installation direction. The pressure and flow rate of the test should be in the subtitle.

58–8. Laminar nozzle

The laminar nozzle creates a consistent and relatively transparent arc. Its quality depends on the state of the inlet flow, internal components and water quality.

In the list of GSO, the following models are seen:

In the introduction of the family, the possibility of installation on land, angle adjustment and the need for a disc filter are mentioned. However, the output diameter range is not the same in different parts of the page; The specifications of each model should be extracted from its specific document. GSO laminar nozzles ^[380]

Necessary information to choose a model:

• Diameter of the water line;

• Height and horizontal range at a known angle;

• flow rate and inlet pressure;

• The need for filtration;

• Maximum installation depth, if underwater installation is allowed;

• lighting and power specifications;

• Necessary space for setting and service.

Application and advantage: creating a clear and legible arch in the demonstration paths and architectural compositions.

Limitation: The presence of air or improper contamination in the flow can reduce the apparent continuity. Horizontal range and arc height should be checked at the same time.

Additional equipment: filtration according to the manufacturer's instructions, suitable inlet circuit, adjustable base and water collection place at the landing point.

58–9. Jumping jet nozzle

Jumping jets create separate parts of the arc by controlled interruption of the water stream. This behavior depends on the specific mechanism of the product; A typical laminar nozzle does not necessarily produce the same quality simply by turning the pump on and off.

Product card: Jumping jet flash 14t-DMX

The following information is excerpted from the GSO product web page:

The above values are not the basis for a complete design of nutrition and protection. The power of the water supply pump must be calculated separately. The angle range is not the same in the parts of the page and needs to be confirmed. Jumping jet 14t-DMX page in GSO ^[381]

Application and advantage: producing jumping sequences, passing a piece of water from one point to another and combining with light.

Constraints: response time, cut quality, discharge path and flow conditions must be considered in display design.

Complementary equipment: compatible controller, proper feeding, filtration, pump selected based on performance and discharge path without disturbance.

Instead of Figure 58-5: The path of entry, demonstration exit and unloading of the product should be shown in a schematic. The execution plan must match the exact version of the equipment.

58–10. Water screen nozzle

Water screen creates a surface of water to display the image. The water surface quality, thickness, uniformity and environmental conditions affect the image result.

The following two titles are included in the GSO list:

GSO water screen nozzles ^[382]

The numbers inside the model name should be interpreted with the map and performance conditions; They should not be considered the guaranteed dimensions of the curtain in any situation without evidence.

To choose, this information is necessary:

• usable width and height of the image;

• necessary flow rate and head;

• Installation position and angle;

• range of water spraying and collection;

• Permissible wind conditions;

• Arrangement of the projector and the place of the audience.

Application and advantage: creating a temporary display surface and combining the image with water.

Limitation: The presence of water surface alone does not guarantee image quality. Ambient lighting, viewing angle, wind and visual content should also be checked.

Complementary equipment: suitable pump and circuit, stabilization structure, water collection and coordinated video system.

58–11. Dry floor nozzle and floor mounting kits

"Dry floor" does not only express the shape of the water outlet; The installation method and connection of the equipment with the floor is also a part of the product.

For the reference of this group, the following should be distinguished:

• single nozzle;

• nozzle with light;

• Set with installation compartment;

• Set with a dedicated pump or valve;

• Complete unit with water collection or channeling components.

In the GSO catalog, dry floor nozzles and related accessories and packages are introduced in specific groups. Model selection should be done by checking the exact contents of the package. GSO urban fountain equipment

As an external example, Crystal Fountains touts the NLG family's introduction of four interchangeable outlets, a two-inch connection, and a convenient foot contact plate. This specification belongs to the same family and cannot be generalized to all dry floor nozzles. NLG nozzle from Crystal Fountains ^[383]

58–12. External examples to compare the registration method

Comparisons with foreign products are useful when limited to measurable differences.

Sources: OASE Comet 5-8 T/NPT ^[384], Crystal NFO, Crystal NLC ^[385].

This table does not declare the equivalence of products. Replacing one model with another requires matching performance, dimensions, connection, installation and maintenance.

58–13. performance table; An essential part of the nozzle reference

For each model, the performance table should show the relationship between water effect and hydraulic demand.

This table is a record format; Its houses should not be filled with similar nozzle numbers.

The height of the fountain is not equal to the nozzle head. The required head can include the energy required to form the effect and drops inside the nozzle.

The working pressure is different from the allowable pressure of the body. The pressure tolerance of a device does not indicate that it has the desired effect or permitted operation at the same pressure.

Units must be explicit. For example:

$1L/min=0.06m^3/h$

And for water with an approximate density of 1,000 kg/m3:

$1bar\approx 10.2m{H}_{2}O$

Interpolation should only be done within the range supported by the product behavior and manufacturer's instructions. Extrapolating beyond the table is not a basis for guaranteeing performance.

After selecting the working point of the nozzle, pipe and connection drop and height difference are added to the calculation to determine the pump head.

58–14. Dimensional drawing and installation specifications

For each model, the technical image must clarify at least the following:

• General dimensions and space required for installation;

• Diameter or size of inlet and type of connection;

• Output dimensions;

• Water level reference;

• Range of angle adjustment;

• location of the base and screws;

• space required for opening and service;

• Cable routing or discharge, in equipped products.

The image of the product does not take the place of the dimensional map. The size should not be extracted from the photo and published as manufacturing specifications.

Figure 58–6 — Standard product page

For each nozzle, set a page with four sections:

1. Product photo and code; 2. dimensional map; 3. Performance table; 4. Photo of effect in registered conditions.

The effect photo must be related to the same model and function point. The generated conceptual image, if used, must be distinguished from the actual test image.

58–15. Complementary equipment and delivery package limits

The nozzle reference should specify which items are included with the product and which items are selected separately.

"Connectable to the controller" is different from "included with the controller in the package". The same separation is necessary for lights, pumps, cables and filters.

58–16. Order form and final confirmation of the nozzle

To avoid ambiguity, the order must be made on a specified form.

The order version information must be traceable to the model introduced in the book. Changing the material, outlet diameter or internal mechanism can mean changing the performance characteristics.

58–17. Necessary items to complete the printed version

The collected information provides the basis for the introduction of products; To make it the final selection and ordering reference, the following must be completed:

These should be completed from the construction plan, valid technical sheet or registered test. The source, date and revision of the data should also be included at the bottom of each sheet.

Each reference page is reliable for the designer when it provides him with the product model, performance point, installation conditions and basic documents at the same time.